Know everything about Array in data structure kotlin now

An Array is a collection of similar data type stored at contiguous memory locations. It is a Linear Data Structure. By a linear array, we mean a list of a finite number n of similar data elements referenced respectively by a set of consecutive numbers, usually 1, 2, 3, …. n.

Types of Array :-

• Single Dimensional Array
• Two Dimensional Array

Single Dimensional Array

Syntax

val num = arrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4) //implicitly type declaration of type
val num = arrayOf<Int>(1, 2, 3) //explicitly type declaration of type

Example of Single Dimensional Array

class SingleDimensionalArray{  
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    val a = IntArray(5) //declaration and instantiation  
    a[0] = 10 //initialization  
    a[1] = 20
    a[2] = 70
    a[3] = 40
    a[4] = 50
    //traversing array  
    for (i in a.indices)  //length is the property of array  
        println(a[i])
}
}

Output:
10
20
70
40
50

Two Dimensional Array

In two dimensional array, data is stored in row and column based index (also known as matrix form) or it is a collection of 1D array.

Syntax

val array = arrayOf(
    arrayOf(1, 2, 3),
    arrayOf(4, 5, 6),
    arrayOf(7, 8, 9)
)

Example of Two Dimensional Array

class TwodimensionaArray{  
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
//declaring and initializing 2D array  
val arr = arrayOf(intArrayOf(1, 2, 3), intArrayOf(2, 4, 5),         intArrayOf(4, 4, 5))
    //printing 2D array  
    for (i in 0..2) {
        for (j in 0..2) {
            print(arr[i][j].toString() + " ")
        }
        println()
    }
}
} 

Output:

1 2 3
2 4 5
4 4 5

Operations in Arrays

Following are the basic operations supported by an array.

• Traverse − print all the array elements one by one.
• Insertion − Adds an element at the given index.
• Deletion − Deletes an element at the given index.
• Search − Searches an element using the given index or by the value.
• Update − Updates an element at the given index.

Properties of the Array

• Each element of same data type and has a same size i.e. int = 4 bytes.
• An index of array is always less than the total number of array items.
• Elements are stored at contiguous memory locations.
• You can Random access variable in array(in fixed size array).
• it is Easy sorting and iteration.
• Replacement of multiple variables

Disadvantages

• Arrays are always fixed in size a user can not increase and decrease the length of the array according to their requirement or at run time.
• Arrays can store only similar type of data.
• Array can not provide readymade methods for user requirement such as sorting and searching

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